Yesterday I posted the “nature of the case” paragraph of a brief I was working on. The finished brief is 25 pages. It occurred to me, however, that it might be shortened a bit. So, what follows is an “arguments and authorities” section for a truly brief brief.

In Hartford Fire Insurance Co. v. Unites States of America, 1986 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 27338, (D.C. Kansas 1986) the federal court set forth a brief summary of Kansas law on the recording of mortgages and deeds as follows: All deeds, mortgages and assignments of mortgages must be recorded to impart notice to subsequent purchasers and mortgagees. K.S.A. 58-2222. No deed, mortgage or assignment of mortgage is valid, “except between the parties thereto, and such as have actual notice thereof, until the same shall be deposited with the register of deeds for record.” Id. at 58-2223. Thus, when a subsequent purchaser buys property for value and without notice of a prior conveyance or mortgage, the subsequent purchaser has priority over the earlier purchaser or mortgagee. E.g., Edwards v. Myers, 127 Kan. 221, 273 P. 468 (1929); Penrose v. Cooper, 88 Kan. 210, 128 P. 362 (1912). The recording of deeds, mortgages and assignments of mortgages acts as constructive notice to the subsequent purchaser. See, generally, Luthi v. Evans, 223 Kan. 622, 576 P.2d 1064 (1978). If no record is made or if the record is ineffectively made, the later purchaser takes free unless he had actual knowledge of the mortgage or prior conveyance.

It is generally understood among the bar that few things in the law are black and white. Yet, some legal principles come close, and if there is any one principle that can be said to come closest to black and white, it is this: In Kansas, a bona fide purchaser takes title free of an unrecorded interest. In re: Cascade Oil Company, Inc., Debtor, et al., 65 B.R. 35; 1986 Bankr. Lexis 5730 (July 8, 1986), citing In re Southworth, 22 B.R. 376 (Bankr. D. Kan. 1982); Smith v. Worster, 59 Kan. 640, 54 P. 676 (1898); Stalcup v. Stalcup, 137 Kan. 141, 19 P.2d 447 (1933); K.S.A. 58-2223. Perhaps even more fundamental is that in a contest between two recorded instruments, the one that’s recorded first prevails.

The decision of the district court should be reversed, the court should be directed to enter judgment for the appellants as bona fide purchasers for value of the 32.7 acres, mineral interest (including gas) and fixtures thereon (gas well), free and clear of any right, title or interest of the appellee, and the matter remanded for disposition of the remaining counter-claims.

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